Shaft centering and marking machine



M. H. DAMERELL SHAFT CENTERING AND MARKING MACHINE Aug. 30, 1927.

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entree STAT-ES.

7 MARK H. DAMERELL, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T WYMAN-GOR-PATENT OFFICE.

I DONCOMPANY,. OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSA-CHUSETTS.

. SHAFT CENTERING AND 'MARKING MACHINE.

Application filed February 17, 1925. Serial No. 9,884.

This invention relates to a machine for centering and holding a shaftand for thereafter marking a center hole therein.

It is the general object of my invention to provide a machine in whichthe centering and marking operations are performed by the machineitself, without requiring the 6X- ercise of skillor judgment on the partof the operator.

To the furtheranceof this general object,

- I provide improved devices for clamping and centering the shaft, anovel mechanism for presenting a punch to each end of the shaft, andmeans for driving the punch against the end of the shaft with rapidlyrepeat-ed blows, while the shaft is held by the clamping devices/Another object of my invention is to provide an eflicient and'simplemechanism for unloading the machine and removing the shaft therefrom, assoon as the marking operation is completed. 7

My invention further relates to arrangements and combinations of partswhich will be hereinafter described, and more particularly pointed outin the appended claims.

A preferred form of my invention is shownin the drawings, in which Fig.1 is a front elevation of my improved machine;

Fig. 2 is a plan View, partly in section, of certain parts thereof;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional elevation, taken along the line 3 3 ofFig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of certain parts shown in Fig. 3;

5 is an end elevation, partly in section, looking in the direction ofthe arrow 5 in Fig. 1;

Flg. 6 1s a rear elevatlon of certainparts shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is'a sectional view of the auxiliary unloading valve, the viewbeing similar to a portion of 5 but showing the parts in a differentposition; J

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional elevation through one of the markingheads, taken along the line 88 in Fig. 5;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to 8, but showing the parts in aldifferentposit ion;.

Fig. 10 is an end elevation of certain pneumatic connections, looking inthe direction of the arrow 10 in Fig.1;

Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the gripper valve,-to be described; 7

Figs. 12 to 19 inclusive are front and side elevations of the differentparts of the mark-,

,ing valve which controls the operations of the marking heads;

Fig. 2O is a sectional front elevation of said marking valve;

Figs. 21, 22 and 23 are transverse sectional elevations of the markingvalve, taken along the line 2121 in Fig. and showing the parts in:different successive positions Fig. 24 is a side elevation: of certainvalveactuatingdevices, looking in the direction of the arrow 24 in 1;and p Fig. 25 is a front elevation of certain valve-actuatingconnections, looking in the direction of the arrow 25 in Fig. 24.

,Referring particularly to Fig. 1, I have shown my improved centeringand marking machine as mounted upon a base' or bed having legs orsupports 31 and 32 at the opposite ends thereof. Marking heads 33 are Iprovided at each end of the bed 30 and the heads are slidably mountedthereon to ac commodate shafts of different lengths. Clamping stands 34are also mounted on the bed 30between the heads 33.; and these standsare also longitudinally adjustable to meet varying conditions.

I will first describe th'e'devices by which a shaft is centered, andheld,these devices being clearly set forth in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 As theclamping devices are substantial duplicates in construction, except forreversal of parts, a description of one clamping device will apply toboth. I

Each clamping stand 34 (Fig; 3) is providedwith a guideway 35 fittingone of the guides 36 onthe bed 30. Another surface 37 of the'stand 34rests upon a flat supporting portion 38 of the bed 30. A cross slide 39(Fig. 2) is adjustable forward and rearward on the stand 34 by means ofan adjusting screw 40 and adjusting nuts 41 and 42. ,The screw 40extends freely through a lug or projection 43 on the front of the iguided a member 47 projecting from the support 48 on which are mountedthe clamping jaws or grippers 50 and 51 (Fig. 3).

The support 48 may be vertically adjusted on, the slide 39 by means ofnuts 52and 53 (Fig. 4) threaded on a' stud 54 (Fig. 3) fixed in theslide 39 and projecting upward through a lug 55 (Fig. 4) on the support48. A gib 56 (Fig. 2) may be drawn-against the projecting member 47 by aclamping screw 57 to hold the support 48 after it has been verticallyadjusted.

The forward clamp or gripper 50 is supported upon parallel links 60 and61 (Fig. 3), which in turn are pivoted to the support 48. The reargripper 51 is mounted upon a lever 62 also pivoted to the support 48,and

the lever 62 is connected by links63. to theparallel arm 61 in such amanner that'the grlppers 50 and 51 have simultaneous and substantiallyequal movements but in oppo site directions.

'Slight allowance may be made, in determining the relative motion of thegrippers, for the fact that the gripper 51-engages the shaftsubstantially upon its horizontal diameter, while the gripper 50 engagesthe shaft at two points spaced substantially above and below thehorizontal diameter.

The lever 62 is also connected by a link 64 to a piston rod 65 andpiston 66, slidable in a clamping cylinder 67. Air connections are madeto the opposite ends of the cylinder 67 by pipes 68 and 69 from an airsupply to be hereinafter described. Each cylinder 67 is mounted on arearward projection 48 of its associated support 48.

Arms 70 project rearward from the stands 34 (Fig. 3) and supportbearings for an unloading shaft 71. An unloading arm 72 (Fig. 2) foreach clamping stand is keyed to the shaft 71 and is movable upward and.

rearward to raise the shaft after the centering and marking operationsare completed and to discharge the shaft at the rear of the machine. Thearms 72 are keyed to the shaft 71 for sliding movement thereon and areheld against the stands 34 by recessed brackets 34 (Fig. 4). Adjustablestop screws 72 on the supports 48 limit clownward movement of the arms72. The shaft 71 (Fig. 5) is connected by an arm 73 and link 74 to apiston 75 vertically slidable in an unloading cylinder 76.

A pipe (Fig. 10) furnishes a supply of air under pressure for actuatingthe several parts of the apparatus. This pipe 80 is c0nnected through ashut-off valve 81 and branch pipe 82 to a main marking valve A by whichthe operations of the marking heads 33 are controlled. Another pipe 84connects the air supply to a second main Valve B by which the operationsof the connection to the pipe 69 leading. to the inner or front end ofthe cylinder 67..

An angula-rly movable valve member 87 is mountedv in the chamber 88 ofthe valve B and is formed on or secured to a shaft 89 (Fig.25) supportedin a bearing 90 (Fig. 24) depending from the bedv 30. An arm 91 is fixedto the end of the shaft 89 and is connected by a link 92 to a foo-tlever 93 which is pivoted at 94 to a bracket 95 which may be fixed tothe floor F. A second lever 96 is pivoted at 97 to the bracket 95 andhas a pin and slot connection at 98 to the lever 93.

Depression of the lever 93 moves thevalve WVhen the lever 93 isdepressed, the valve- 87 (Fig. 11) is moved to connect the pipe 69 tothe atmosphere, and to admit air under pressure to the pipe 68, thusadvancing each piston 66 to the position indicated in Fig. 3, andcausing the grippers 50 and 51 to engage and center the shaft S. Bythereafter depressing the foot-lever 96 the grippers may be caused torecede and release the work. It will be understood that the pipes 68 and69 may be connected to simultaneously opcrate as many centeringandclamping devices as may be desired.

The unloading devices are connected to operate in timed relation to themovements of the centering and clamping devices. Referring to Fig. 5,the cylinder 7 6 is provided with a cylinder head 100 having a chamber101 for an auxiliary unloading valve 102. The valve 102 has a series ofpiston elements 103, 104,105 and 106 separated by air spaces 107, 108and 109 (Fig. .7).

The cylinder head also has a port or passage 110 connecting the valvechamber 101 with the inside of the cylinder 76, and a transverse passage111 connecting the valve chamber 101 through a pipe 112 (Fig; 6) to anupper portion of the cylinder 76. A pipe 113 is connected from the righthand end of the valve chamber 101 to an intermediate portion'of thecylinder 76 and a branc'h pipe 114 (Fig. 10) connects the middle portionof the valve chamber 101 to the air pipe 69 previously described. Thepipe 114 has a shut' off valve 115 by which the unloadingdevices can beheld inoperative when so desired. A branch pipe 116 (Fig. 10) connectsthe left hand end of the valve-chamber 101 to the air pipe 68 previouslydescribed.

In normal position, the grippers are withdrawn and there is air pressurein the pipe 69 as previously described, and hence there is air pressurein the pipe 114, as indicated. by the arrow in Fig. 10. The normalposition of the auxiliary valve 102 is that shown in Fig. 5, so that airfrom the pipe 114 passes through the air space 108 to the port 111 andthrough the pipe 112 to the upper portion of the cylinder 76, whereit'acts to depress the piston 75. At the same time, the port 110 belowthe piston is connected around the air space 107 to an atmosphere port117 (Fig. 5).

\Vhen the valve 87 (Fig. 11) is reversed, the pipe 114 is connectedthrough the pipe 69 to the atmosphere and air under pressure from thepipe 68 is admitted through the pipe 116. The cylinder space above thepieton is thus connected to atmosphere and air under pressure isadmitted at the left hand end of the auxiliary valve 102 (Fig. mov ingthe valve 102 to the position shown in Fig. 7. The port 110 is stillconnected to the atmosphere but through a different counttion,.namely,through the air space 108 to the pipe 114. There is no other immediateresult from this endwise movement of the valve 102.

lVhen, however, the main valve 87 is returned to the position showninFig. 11, air under pressure is again admitted through the pipe 69 to thepipe 114 but with the a uxiliary valve in the right hand position shownin Fig. 7. The air under pressure then S flows through the air space 108and to the lower end of the cylinder 76 and forces the piston 75 upward,actuating the unloading arms 72. As the piston reaches its raisedposition, indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 5, the upper end of the pipe113 is opened below the gals ton to the air under pressure in thecylinder 76, which flows downward through the pipe 113 to the end of thevalve chamber 101 and forces the auxiliary valve 102 from the positionshown in Fig. 7 to its original position, as shown in Fig. 5.

This'restores the air connection through the space 108 and port lll 'tothe pipe 112 vent breakage of parts as the piston moves upward to ejectthe marked shaft. V

The auxiliary valve 102 has a 'stem 12 (Fig. 7) provided with twoannular depressions forming seats for a spring-pressed ball 123, bywhich the valve stem and valve are held yieldingly in either of theaxial'positions previously described. A vent 124 leads from the outerend of the stem 122 to the valve chamber 101 to prevent the trapping ofair at the outer end of the valve stem.

I have now described the connections and operation of the mechanismcontrolling the centering and unloadingdcvices, and it will be vseenthatthe, simple depression of the foot lever 93 advances the grippers tocenter and hold the shaft, and that the subsequent depression of thefoot lever 96 causes Withdrawal of the grippers and causes theunloading" arms to eject the shaft and to return to normal inoperativeposition, all without further attention by the operator.

I will now describe the operation and construction of the marking heads33. Referring to Figs. '8 and 9, each marking head 33 has a sleeve 01'quill supported in bear ings 131 and 132 in the head 33 and also having'an outer bearing in the end plate 133 of the'marking cylinder134. Apiston 135 is 105 amen thequill 130 and is slidable in the cylinder-134.'A punch 136 is mounted in a tapered seat in apunch holder 137 which isslidabl'e in'the quill 130.

A bushing 138 is threaded in the outer end 110 of the quill 130 andengages one side of a flange 139 on the holder 137, thus limitingoutward movement of the holder and punch.

A heavy coil spring 140 is inserted between V the opposite face of theflange 139 and the 115 end of an inner sleeve 141 mounted within thequill 130. I

A driving rod 142 is slidable in an axial opening in the holder 137 andone end of the rod engages thepunch 136. The opposite end of the rod 142is engaged by the striking member 143 of a pneumatic hammer 144 which'issecured in the outer end of the'quill 130 by a cap 145 and lock nut 146.

The hammer144 is of a usual commercial 125 type and. its details ofconstruction form no part of my present invention. For the purposes ofthis; application, it is sufiicient to state that'the hammer is providedwith an air supply pipe 147 and an exhaust pipe 148 and that theadmission of air under pressure operate and strike rapidly repeatedblows upon the driving rod 142.

, The marking cylinder 134is provided with ports 150 and 151 at oppositeends of the cylinder, to which ports are connected air pipes 152 and153. The admission of air under pressure to the pipe 152 and port 150moves the piston 135 and quill 130 to the inoperative or withdrawnposition shown in Fig. 8, while admission of air under pressure throughthe pipe 153 and port 151 moves the piston and quill to the operativeposition shown in Fig. 9, in which the punch 136 is pressed yieldinglyagainst the flanged end of'thc shaft S.

In the operation of my machine, as will be hereinafter described indetail, the punch 136 is pressed yieldingly against the end of the shaftand while thus held, the pneumatic hammer 144 is set in operation todeliver repeated blows through the driving rod 142, thus driving thepunch into the end of the shaft, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 9.

The pipe 147 which supplies air to the hammer 144 is connected to thefront side of the casing of the main control valve A,

previously referred to, as indicated in Figs. 21 to 23. The pipe 153 foradvancing the punch toward the work is connected to the rear side of thecasing of the valve A and the pipe 152 for withdrawing the punch isconnected to the lower side of the casing of the valve A. Theconstruction of the valve A is shown in detail in Figs. 12 to 20.

The valve A comprises two casing mem bers 160 and 161 which are securedtogether to form a chamber 162 (Fig. 20) in which is mounted a valvemember 163. The valve member 163 is fixed on a short shaft 164 rotatablein hearings in the casing members 160 and 161'and provided with a handle165 for manual operation thereof. The valve member 163 is designed forangular movemerit only and is held by air pressure against the casingmember 161. The valve member 163 is provided with two ports 166 and 167(Fig. 17 which extend directly through the valve disc and is alsoprovided with two additional ports 168 and 169 which extend part waythrough the disc from the left hand face thereof, as viewed in Fig. 16,and which are connected by a cross passage 170 to an axial opening 171which connects to the atmosphere through the open end of the casingmember 160;

The pipe 82 previously described is connected directly to the valvechamber 162, as shown in Fig. 20. The pipes 147, 152 and 153 (Fig. 14)are connected respectively to ports 172, 17 3 and 174 in the casingmember 161 and the ports 173 and 174 are provided with circumferentiallyextended portions 175 and 176 at their working faces adjacent the valvemember 163 as also indicated in Fig. 14. A packing 177 is provided forthe shaft 164 within the chamber 162 and is held in place by a collar178 (Fig. 18). I will now describe the operation of the marking head 33as controlled by the handle 165 and the main valve A.

The normal or inoperative position of the valve A is indicated in Fig.21, and the corresponding position of the handle 165 (Fig. 10) isindicated by the heavy dot-anddash line. In this position the port 167through the valve member 163 admits air to.

the pipe 152, which connects to the front side of the marking cylinder134, and thus causes the piston 135 and quill 130 to beheld in rearwardinoperative position. The pipes 147 and 153 in this position areconnected to the exhaust through the ports 168' and 169, cross-passage170, and the axial exhaust opening 171.

When the handle 165 is moved downward to the intermediate positionindicated in Fig. 22, the port 167 admits air through the pipe 153 tothe rear side of the piston 135, forcing the quill 130 and punch 136forward against the shaft S. At the same time the pipe 152 is connectedthrough the port 168 and cross-passage 169 to the exhaust. The offsetend portions 175 and 176 permit these air connections to be made withthe valve member 163 in intermediate position. I

The next and final downward movement of the handle 165 brings the partsto the position shown in Fig. 23. Air is still admitted through the pipe153' to hold the punch 136 firmly against the shaft S, and the pipe 152is still connected to the exhaust, these connections being undisturbedby movement of the lever 165 from the position shown in Fig. 22 to thatshown in ut in the final position in Fig. 23, air is also admittedthrough the port 166 to the pipe 147, by which it is taken to thepneumatic hammer 144 which thereupon operates to drive the punch 136into the work and mark the center of the shaft. The handle 165 is thenreturned to the position shown in Fig. 21, cutting off the air pressurefrom the hammer, connecting the pipe 153'to the exhaust, and admittingair through the pipe 152 to withdraw the quill 130 and punch 136.Reference to Fig. 1 will show that the pipes 147, 152 and 153 are formedwith two branches connected respectively to the marking heads at theopposite ends of the machine. Also that the pipes 68 and 69 aresimilarly connected to the two separate clamping heads.

From the full description heretofore given it is believed that thegeneral operation of the machine will be readily apparent. The operatorplaces a shaft in the clamping heads 34 and depresses the foot lever 93to admit air behind the pistons 66 of the clamping heads, therebyadvancing the grippers or clamping jaws 50 and 51 and centering theshaft in the machine, as indicated in Fig. 8 The handle 165 (Fig; 10) isthen moved downward to intermediate position, corresponding to the valveposition shown in Fig. 22, advancing the quill 130 and marking punch 136to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 9. The handle 165 is thenmoved downward to the extreme lower position, corresponding to the valveposition shown in Fig. 28, in which position the hammer 144i is madeoperative to drive the punch 136 into the work. The handle 165 is thenmoved upward to stop the hammer and withdraw the marking head to theposition shown in Fig. 8, and the foot lever 96 is then depressed toreverse the connections to the clamping cylinders 67, and thus causeseparation of the grippers or clamping jaws. Simultaneously theunloading device is automatically operated as previously described indetail to swing the unloading arms 72 upward and rearward to eject theshaft which hasjust been marked. The arms then return automatically totheir initial positions, and the machine is ready to receive anothershaft.

In Fig. 2, I have indicated the work as comprising a crank-shaft such asis used in automobile engines, but it is obvious that the.

machine is equally well adapted for marking any kind of shaft or roll orother similar article.

Having thus described my invention and advantages thereof, I do not wishto be 11m ited to the details herein disclosed otherwise than'as setforth in the claims, but what I claim is 1. A shaft centering andmarking machine comprising shaft centering and holding devices, a pairof marking heads a marking device movable in each head, means to advancesaid marking device against an end of a shaft positioned by said holdingdevices and means to hammer said marking device into said shaft.

2. A shaft centering and marking machine comprising sha'ft centering andholding devices, a pair of marking heads a marking device movable ineach head, said pneumatic means to advance said marking device againstan end of ashaft positioned by said holding devices and additionalpneumatic means to drive said marking device into said shaft.

3. Ashaft centering and marking machine as set forth in claim 2, inwhich a single control element in provided and in which both pneumaticdevices in both marking heads are controlled by manual movement of saidsingle element. V

A. A shaft centering and marking machine as set forth in claim 2, inwhich a single control element is provided and in "which both penumaticdevices inboth marking heads are controlled by'manual movement of saidsingle element, and inwhich the difierent pneumatic devices are renderedoperative by suc- I .said marking device while thus pressed against saidshaft.

6. A shaft centering and marking machine 7 having, in combination, abed, a pair of marking heads mounted for adjustment along said bedtoward and from each other, marking devices in said heads, actuatingmeans therefor, and a single control for said means efi'ective to causesaid marking devices to be pressed simultaneously against the work andto thereafter cause rapidly repeated blows to be delivered to saidmarking devices.

7. A shaft centering and marking machinehaving, in combination, shaftgripping and unloading devices, a manually operated main valvecontrolling said devices, shaft marking devices, actuating meanstherefor, and a second manually operated main valve controlling saidmeans. I

8. A shaft centering and marking-machine having, in combination, shaftgripping and unloading devices, a manually operated main valvecontrolling said. devices, an auxiliary automatic valve for saidunloading devices, shaft marking devices, actuating means therefor, anda second manually operated main valve controlling said means.

9. A shaft centering and marking machine having, in combination, shaftgripping and unloading devices, a manually operated main valvecontrolling said devices, shaft marking devices, actuating meanstherefor, and a second manually operated main valve for said means,effective in successive positions to advance the marking devices againstthe work and to thereafter automatically deliver rapidly repeated blowsto said marking devices.

10. In a shaft centering and marking machine, means to center and hold ashaft in horizontal position, and mechanical means to raise a shaftreleased from said holding means and to swing said shaft about ahorizontal axis parallel to said shaft upward and rearward, dischargingsaid shaft at the rear of the machine.

11. In a shaft centering machine, a pair of shaft grippingv devices,means to move said devices toward and from each other to support a shaftin horizontal position, and mechanical means to raise a shaft after itis released by said gripping devices and to swing said shaft upward andrearward about a horizontal axis parallel to itself in a circularpath-for substantially one half of a revolution, said shaft beingthereafter discharged at the rear of the machine.

12. In a shaft centering machine, a clamp ing head, shaft grippingdevices thereon, an unloading arm pivoted adjacent said grippingdevices, means to advance and retract said gripping devices with respectto each other, and means to raise and lower said unloading arm inpredetermined relation to the movements of said gripping devices.

13. A shaft centering machine comprising spaced pairs of grippingdevices, stands for said gripping devices, a rock shaft mounted on saidstands, an unloading arm on said rock shaft adjacent each pair ofgripping devices and normally positioned below the work, and means tomove said shaft to swing said arms upward and rear-' ward to eject thework and to thereafter re turn said arms to normal inoperative posttion.

14. In a shaft centering machine, shaft centering and gripping devices,pneumatic actuating means therefor, an unloading device, pneumaticactuating means for said anloading device, and connections effective toco-ordinate the movements of said. two pneumatic actuating means.

15. In a shaft centering machine, shaft centering and gripping devices,pneumatic actuating means therefor, an unloading device, pneumaticactuating means therefor, and a control valve for said latter pneumaticmeans rendered operative by said first mentioned pneumatic means.

16. A shaft centering machine having, in combination, shaft grippingdevices, an unloading member, pneumatic means to actuate said devicesand said member, a manually controlled main valve for the air supply tosaid pneumatic means, and an auxiliary valve controlling thedistribution of air from said main valve to effect successive advanceand withdrawal of said gripping de controlled main valve for the airsupply to said pneumatic means, and an auxiliary valve controlling thedistribution of air from said main valve to effect successive advanceand withdrawal of said gripping devices, followed. by an operativemovement of said unloading member and thereafter by a return movement ofsaid member to normal inoperative position, and means to effect saidwithdrawal, unloading and return movements automatically by saidauxiliary valve after a single setting of said main control valve. 1

18. An unloading mechanism comprising a work-engaging unloading member,a pis ton connected to actuate said member, a cylinder for said piston,a main valve controlling the air supply to said cylinder, and anauxiliary valve controlling the distribution of air through saidcylinder and effective to can'e successive unloading and return.movements of said piston and worleengaging member.

In testimony whereof I have hereuntb attired my signature.

- MARK H. DAMERELL.

